First International Seminar on Industrial Product-Service Systems of the SFB/TR29
| Challenges in PSS development processes – New paradigms, new development methodology Patrick Müller , Michael Schmidt-Kretschmer Product-service systems (PSS) are a new way of understanding technical systems including products and services. PSS cause new challenges to development activities. To cope with these challenges and enable a proper support of PSS development a new methodology providing a specific PSS development process model is necessary. How PSS influence the development process from its front-end to its back-end is discussed in this paper, showing multiple challenges. Conventional product and service engineering views are picked up for the discussion where and how theses existing views on products and services fit in (our) viewpoint on PSS and where they are important in the PSS development process. A short remark shows where critical points will be analysed using empirical studies in the future. The PSS development methodology finally has to address the paradigm shift from ownership-based solutions towards more availability-oriented solutions and other business models. |
| Novel Modelling Approach for Integrated Engineering of PSSIPS²-Concepts in Early Development Phases E. G. Welp, T. Sadek, R. Theiß This paper illustrates PSSIPS²-characteristics based on a scenario with two distinctive solutions in order to enhance the basic comprehension of PSSIPS². We The employ resultssolutions (results) obtained from the scenarios are employed to construct an IPS² basic PSS structure, which serves as a mediator between a specific scenario-based point of view and PSSIPS² concept modelling in general. To overcome established distinctions between products and services, which hinder an integrated concept modelling approach, a shift of paradigm is proposed. Therefore an integrated modelling approach is designed which is based on PSSIPS²-objects & PSSIPS²-process pairs as substitutes of disciplines’ respective artefacts in order to model PSSIPS² system behaviour during early phases of development. Building on this, a new concept modelling approach for PSSIPS² is introduced. |
| Design of PSS Based on Customer Requirements Eckart Uhlmann, Christian Stelzer, Claudio Geisert, Holger Bochnig, Horst Meier, Katja Sadek The development of industrial production machines is mainly driven by customer needs. To ensure competitiveness in times of globalization machine manufacturers have to meet these client demands. State-of-the-art solutions in regard to create added value to the core product are realized by developing and offering innovative services along the whole life-cycle of the physical product. Although there are strong interdependencies between products and services, there is no integrated view on their design. The present paper describes the state-of-the-art regarding the fulfillment of customer requirements and illustrates further an approach for the integrated design of products and services in the form of product-service systems (PSS). Therefore, fundamental concepts for the customer driven development of product and service in the context of PSS are presented. |
| Service CAD - An innovative tool for high-level integration of product and service Yoshiki Shimomura Manufacturers at present face new circumstances in terms of consumer services and serious environmental problems. An effective way to deal with these circumstances may be to pursue qualitative satisfaction rather than quantitative sufficiency. The aim of this paper is to introduce the effectiveness of Service Engineering, including the service design process model, to increase customer satisfaction. |
| Automated Knowledge Generation in the PSS Use Phase Günther Seliger, René Gegusch In business-to-business and also business-to-customer markets there is a tendency towards combined offers of products plus services, which are sold in one package to fulfill customer needs. These combinations/integrations of products and services are called product-service systems (PSS). The adaptation of products and services to the continuously changing technical requirements, application areas and user demands is crucial for the PSS business model. This requires new integrated methods, process models and tools for planning, development, delivery and use of PSS to exploit the full potential and to ensure the competitiveness of these systems. In a research project funded by the DFG, a system for automated knowledge generation in PSS will be developed with the help of modern information and communication technology on the concept of the Virtual Life Cycle Unit. The continuous supervision of products and processes as well as processing of data by intelligent algorithms is an enabler to discover inference mechanism in the PSS use phase. Thereby the effectiveness and efficiency of the PSS business model can be raised. The knowledge generation, enabled by Virtual Life Cycle Units, delivers potential knowledge and information for the PSS development or redesign process. This paper deals about the chances and methods to generate knowledge in the PSS business model. |
| Analysis of Specific Requirements for the Human-Machine Interface in Industrial Product-Service Systems Matthias Rötting, Bo Höge For the integration of multimodal user interfaces in product-service systems (PSS) it is necessary to deduce the specific requirements for these human-machine interfaces. Focus group discussions and the semi-formal documentation with K3-modelling were used to create extended models of the communication, coordination and cooperation (K3) processes for the three different PSS business models ‘function-oriented’, ‘availability oriented’ and ‘result oriented’. By analysing these K3-models we obtained preliminary requirements like usability for users of different qualification, integration of tools to support communication and coordination, access to sensor data and to obtained knowledge as specific for PSS. |
| Organization of PSS Delivery – Structures and Planning Horst Meier, Oliver Völker, Christian Krug Current organizational forms of enterprises either focus on products or services. The ever increasing competition is forcing these enterprises to offer solutions to the customer as product-service systems (PSS) to stand out with unique selling proposition. The changing from manufacturing or pure service delivering enterprises to solution providing enterprises demands higher challenges to the organizational structure like the implementation of a business relationship with the customer over the life-cycle. The offering of PSS makes it necessary to build up networks and join the competences of the network partners to offer the highest value to the customer. With this approach the main demands of the organizational structure and an agent based concept to react on these demands are described. It shows the principles of self-organization adapted on the organizational demand to deliver PSS processes during the use phase by the customer. The concept shows a way to manage the problems of uncertainty and temporary dynamic of the delivering process situation. |
| Extension of the Product Lifecycle Management Approach for PSS – Requirements and Challenges Michael Abramovici, Jan Michele, Manuel Neubach PSS lifecycles are characterised by highly linked product and service structures, very close provider / customer interaction and strong change dynamics in the use and/or delivery phase. Due to the integrative view of products and services as well as to the different partial lifecycles of PSS components new methods, processes and tools for an integrated PSS management are required. This paper describes new concepts and methods for a comprehensive management of multiple PSS lifecycles, which support consistent data and process organisation, dynamic change management, customer feedback information as well as decision-making processes along the entire PSS lifecycle. |
| Revealing Customers’ Willingness to Pay – Interaction and Interdependency of Advantage, Knowledge and Options Mario Rese, Markus Karger, Wolf-Christian Strotmann Product-service systems (PSS) have been widely discussed as a possibility to create sustainable advantage for both the supplier and the customer. This advantage not only constitutes a possibility to compete with low cost countries, but generate a higher willingness to pay and hence higher revenues for the supplier. But only if the supplier is able to communicate the customers’ advantage of a PSS, the advantage leads to a higher willingness to pay. Furthermore, the optimal price setting for the PSS requires the application of an appropriate method to estimate the customers’ willingness to pay which is able to regard the particularities of PSS. We propose a strategy to inform the customers about advantages and propose a combination of the Net Present Value Approach and the Real Options Approach as a means of determining the quantified value of an PSS for an individual customer over its life cycle. |
| Cost Management for PSS Marion Steven, Katja Wasmuth, Tobias Soth Product-service systems (PSS) are designated to fulfil the individual customer requirements. In order to offer industrial product-service systems successfully and profitably it is essential to consider their effectiveness as well as efficiency during planning, development and delivery. Therefore, this article proposes the combination of several cost management tools in order to assure efficiency - without degrading product quality - by taking alternate customer requests into account. |